WHAT IS NECK SPRAIN?
The neck consists of seven bones called vertebrae. Each vertebra is separated from the others by discs, stabilized by joints and ligaments and moved by muscles. A neck sprain is a general term used to describe an aggravation and irritation to one or more of the structures of the neck, producing pain.
MECHANISM OF INJURY
The condition may be initiated in various ways such as poor sleeping position, excessive physical demand on the shoulder e.g. throwing a ball, through prolonged sitting, particularly at a desk or computer, or a sudden movement of the neck e.g. whiplash from a motor vehicle accident. Sometimes no clear mechanism of injury is identified. This may suggest an underlying postural problem is a cause. Poor posture causes ligaments to become overstretched, muscles to become tired and the joints and nerves to be put under strain.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Pain and stiffness are likely to be experienced. The pain may be on one or both sides of the neck, and may be referred to the head, the arm or to the shoulder blade. Movement may be restricted in one direction or in several ways. In the case of a ‘Wry Neck’, the sufferer often wakes up with the head and neck held in an awkward position due to pain.
TREATMENT & MANAGEMENT
Treatment relies on establishing the causes in each case and the structures involved. Usually, a thorough physiotherapy examination is all that is required to diagnose a neck sprain. In severe cases, some neck sprains may require referral for x-rays or scans, or for a medical opinion. Treatment will usually incorporate manual therapy (massage, joint mobilisation/manipulation, dry needling) with an active exercise program (Pilates, postural exercise, stretching). Identifying poor postures is important, then working out strategies to improve them. Correcting workplace setups can make an immediate impact.
SELF MANAGEMENT
Your physiotherapist will discuss specific self-management strategies with you in your consultation. Options include a home exercise program, use of heat/ice/medication, time off work and supply of a therapeutic pillow for optimum support when sleeping. Generally speaking, the maintenance of good posture is crucial. So think tall: chest lifted, shoulders relaxed, chin in and head level. Your neck should feel strong, straight and relaxed.
If you're suffering from neck ache or pain, book in for a consultation with a physiotherapist. After a thorough assessment, you'll be on the road to recovery in no time!